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By Gladys Jane Dela Cruz on May 4,2023 IN last week’s article, we discussed that to qualify for value-added tax (VAT) zero-rating under Section 108(B)(2) of the National Internal Revenue Code, the following elements must be present: (1) the recipient of the services is a foreign corporation...

By: Atty. Keanu P. Castañeda on April 27,2023 SERVICES rendered to a person engaged in business conducted outside the Philippines or to a nonresident person not engaged in business who is outside the Philippines may be subject to zero percent value-added tax (VAT), provided that the consideration...

By: Atty. Cara Angela N. Flores on April 20,2023 THE board of directors exercises the powers, conducts all business and controls all properties of a corporation (Section 22, Revised Corporation Code). Being the vessel of corporate powers, the directors have fiduciary duty toward the corporation....

By: Atty. Euney Marie Mata-Perez on April 13,2023 TAX assessments by tax examiners are presumed correct and made in good faith (Cagayan Robina Sugar Milling Co. v Court of Appeals, 342 SCRA 663, Oct. 12, 2000). It is the taxpayer and not the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) who has the duty of...

By Atty. Mark Anthony P. Tamayo on March 30,2023 UNDER the present transaction value (TV) system, the duty base in valuing imported goods for customs appraisement purposes is the total payment made (or to be made by) the buyer to (or for the benefit of) the seller. The system is essentially transaction-based...

 By Xela Leona Laqui on March 23,2023 THE Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts (or the Principle of Judicial Hierarchy) provides that when here, courts have concurrent or shared jurisdiction over the subject matter of a case, a litigant is not free to file a complaint or petition in any court...

By  Gladys Jane Dela Cruz on March 9,2023 FOR income taxes to be due, there must be a realized income. Thus, it is critical to determine what is income and when it is realized for tax purposes. Income is the inflow of wealth. As early as 1922, the Supreme Court defined income as the gain...